@article {199, title = {The genome of Theobroma cacao.}, journal = {Nature genetics}, volume = {43}, year = {2011}, month = {2011 Feb}, pages = {101-8}, abstract = {We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76\% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82\% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene families during evolution, for example, flavonoid-related genes. It also provides a major source of candidate genes for T. cacao improvement. Based on the inferred paleohistory of the T. cacao genome, we propose an evolutionary scenario whereby the ten T. cacao chromosomes were shaped from an ancestor through eleven chromosome fusions.}, keywords = {Cacao, Cell Nucleus, DNA, DNA Transposable Elements, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Genes, Plant, Genome, Plant, Genotype, Homozygote, In Situ Hybridization, Models, Genetic, Quantitative Trait Loci}, issn = {1546-1718}, doi = {10.1038/ng.736}, author = {Argout, Xavier and Salse, Jerome and Aury, Jean-Marc and Guiltinan, Mark J and Droc, Gaetan and Gouzy, Jerome and Allegre, Mathilde and Chaparro, Cristian and Legavre, Thierry and Maximova, Siela N and Abrouk, Michael and Murat, Florent and Fouet, Olivier and Poulain, Julie and Ruiz, Manuel and Roguet, Yolande and Rodier-Goud, Maguy and Barbosa-Neto, Jose Fernandes and Sabot, Francois and Kudrna, Dave and Ammiraju, Jetty Siva S and Schuster, Stephan C and Carlson, John E and Sallet, Erika and Schiex, Thomas and Dievart, Anne and Kramer, Melissa and Gelley, Laura and Shi, Zi and B{\'e}rard, Aur{\'e}lie and Viot, Christopher and Boccara, Michel and Risterucci, Ange Marie and Valentin Guignon and Sabau, Xavier and Axtell, Michael J and Ma, Zhaorong and Zhang, Yufan and Brown, Spencer and Bourge, Mickael and Golser, Wolfgang and Song, Xiang and Clement, Didier and Rivallan, Ronan and Tahi, Mathias and Akaza, Joseph Moroh and Pitollat, Bertrand and Gramacho, Karina and D{\textquoteright}Hont, Ang{\'e}lique and Brunel, Dominique and Infante, Diogenes and Kebe, Ismael and Costet, Pierre and Wing, Rod and McCombie, W Richard and Guiderdoni, Emmanuel and Quetier, Francis and Panaud, Olivier and Wincker, Patrick and Bocs, Stephanie and Lanaud, Claire} }